Desarrollo y Validación de la Escala de Inseguridad Laboral
Palabras clave:
inseguridad laboral, desarrollo de pruebas, valide, confiabilidadResumen
El propósito del presente estudio fue desarrollar y validar una escala para medir la percepción de inseguridad laboral y la misma se desarrolló adoptando una visión global utilizando un enfoque cognitivo (e.g., posibilidad percibida de perder el trabajo; Mohr, 2000). Las personas participantes fueron 381 personas empleadas al menos 20 horas a la semana y tenían 21 años de edad o más, los cuales fueron los dos criterios para su participación. De éstos, un 40.9% (156) eran del género masculino y un 58.3% (222) del femenino. Solamente un 11.8% (45) ocupaba un puesto gerencial, un 72.4% (276) tenía un empleo permanente y un 67.7% (254) trabajaba para una empresa privada. Para la selección de reactivos se llevaron a cabo análisis de reactivos y análisis de factores exploratorios y estos últimos sirvieron para auscultar preliminarmente la estructura interna de la escala. Se realizó un análisis de factores confirmatorio usando el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para examinar el modelo unidimensional de la Escala de Inseguridad Laboral. Se examinó la confiabilidad de la escala a través de la técnica de alfa de Cronbach y la misma obtuvo un coeficiente igual a .88, el cual se considera como muy bueno (DeVellis, 2012). Al parecer la Escala de Inseguridad Laboral es un instrumento de medición confiable y válido para medir la percepción de inseguridad laboral.
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